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assignment no-3

  • Apr 15, 2018
  • Posted by: Lubna Tafzeel
  • Category: Cinematography Course
assignment no-3

                                                      VIDEO IMAGE FORMATS

  1. A video file format is a type of file format for storing digital video data on a computer system.Compressing data essentially relies on algorithms to pull data out with the goal of making big data chunks smaller. Doing this makes for better quality video while taking up less space which is particularly important for delivering video over the web.
  2. A normal video file in a digital  format is made up of two parts, a “codec” and a “container”. A “codec” is used to compress and decompress a video file.
  3. A video codec, is a compression scheme to compress a video stream while an audio codec would be a compression scheme for audio
  4. Examples of Compression Schemes:

           Video = H.264, H.263, VP6, Sorenson Spark, MPEG-4, MPEG-2, etc…

           Audio = AAC, MP3, Vorbis, etc…

           Metadata = XML, RDF, XMP, etc..

       5. Some popular types of “containers” are AVI, FLV, WMV, MP4, and MOV. A “container” is a                     collection of files that stores information of both audio and video data in a single file to allow for             simultaneous audio-with-video playback.

       6. AVI (Audio Video Interleave)

           Developed by Microsoft andthe AVI format is one of the oldest video formats. It is so universally             accepted Due to it’s simple architecture, AVI files are able to run on a number of different                       systems like Windows, Macintosh, Linux; is also supported by popular web browsers. AVI files               stores data In different codec’s, although most commonly with M-JPEG or DivX codecs.

      7. FLV (Flash Video Format)

          FLV files are videos that are encoded by Adobe Flash software, usually with codecs following                Sorenson Spark or VP6 video compression formats.It has become the most common online                   video viewing platform. As almost all video sharing sites such as Youtube stream videos in                     Flash,videos in the FLV format remain in high quality even after compression.Some notable                   users  of the Flash Video are Youtube, Yahoo! Video, VEVO, Hulu and Myspace among many            others.

     8. WMV (Windows Media Video)

        Developed by Microsoft, WMV files are the tiniest  video files over the Web, as their file size                  decreases significantly after compression, which results in poor video quality. However, one                  advantage of this small file size is that it is probably the only video file format that allows users to          upload and share their videos through the e-mail system.

      9. MOV (Apple Quick Time Movie)

          Developed by Apple. Inc, considered one of the best looking file formats, MOV files are of high              quality and are usually big in file size.In recent years, Apple came up with a newer version                      called QuickTime X, currently available on Mac OS X Snow Leopard, Lion and Mountain                    Lion. MOV files are most commonly opened via the Apple QuickTime Player for the Macintosh              Operating System. MOV files is a free version of the QuickTime Player available for the                      Windows Operating System among many other players.

     10. MP4(Moving Pictures Expert Group 4)

           A standard developed by the Motion Pictures Expert Group First introduced in 1998, the                         MPEG-4 video format uses separate compression for audio and video tracks; video is                             compressed with MPEG-4 or H.264 video encoding; and audio is compressed using AAC                     compression. MP4 file sizes are relatively small but the quality remains high even after                           compression.

 

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